Effect of nutritional and physical exercise intervention on hospital readmission for patients aged 65 or older: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
The share of the world’s population aged 65 years or older is between 9-17%, depending on where you live. Still, the majority of the population admitted to hospital is within this age group, and about one of four experiences being readmitted. Therefore, it is important to identify interventions and components that may reduce hospital readmission to reduce both personal costs and stress for the patient, as well as health-care costs and pressure on the health-care system.
Publisert i Forskningspublikasjoner Mandag 4. oktober, 2021 - 12:59 | sist oppdatert Mandag 4. oktober, 2021 - 15:46
Forskere: Ellisiv Lærum-Onsager, Marianne Molin, Cecilie Fromholt Olsen, Asta Bye, Jonas Debesay, Christine Hillestad Hestevik, Maria Bjerk og Are Hugo Pripp.
Abstract
Background: Unplanned readmission may result in consequences for both the individual and society. The transition of patients from hospital to postdischarge settings often represents a discontinuity of care and is considered crucial in the prevention of avoidable readmissions. In older patients, physical decline and malnutrition are considered risk factors for readmission. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of nutritional and physical exercise interventions alone or in combination after hospital admission on the risk of hospital readmission among older people.
Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies was conducted. The search involved seven databases (Medline, AMED, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Embase (Ovid), Food Science Source and Web of Science) and was conducted in November 2018. An update of this search was performed in March 2020. Studies involving older adults (65 years and above) investigating the effect of nutritional and/or physical exercise interventions on hospital readmission were included.
Results: A total of 11 randomized controlled studies (five nutritional, five physical exercise and one combined intervention) were included and assessed for quality using the updated Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Nutritional interventions resulted in a significant reduction in readmissions (RR 0.84; 95% CI 0.70–1.00, p = 0.049), while physical exercise interventions did not reduce readmissions (RR 1.05; 95% CI 0.84–1.31, p-value = 0.662).
Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests that nutrition support aiming to optimize energy intake according to patients’ needs may reduce the risk of being readmitted to the hospital for people aged 65 years or older.
Les hele artikkelen her: